- Chisel
(1) A chisel is a tool used for chiseling, usually made of carbon steel, and high-speed steel cannot be used as a chisel. The hardness after heat treatment is HRC48-52; The chisel top must not be quenched, and there must be no cracks or burrs.
(2) Generally, burrs on the surface of rough workpieces can be chiseled, and flat chisels (wide chisels) can be used for pouring, riser, and cutting materials; Sharp chisels (narrow chisels) can be used for chiseling grooves and dividing curved sheet metal; Use an oil groove chisel to chisel the oil groove.
(3) The grip and operation of the chisel should be correct. The chisel should be held with the middle finger, ring finger, and little finger of the left hand, with the thumb and index finger naturally closed, and the chisel head extending about 20mm; To reduce the vibration of chiseling opponents, do not hold the chisel too tightly.
(4) When chiseling, the chisel should be gently lifted from the sharp corner of the working side, and the notch should be chiseled before working with the entire blade. Otherwise, the chisel is prone to bouncing or slipping; When cutting at a distance of 10mm from the end of the workpiece, it should be turned around and chiseled.
(5) To prevent the hammer from slipping off the chisel end and hitting the hand, cover a foam rubber pad above the handshaking position of the chisel handle; To prevent flying debris or fragments from injuring people, operators should wear goggles and steel mesh protective plates should be placed on the workbench.
(6) The chisel tip should have a slightly spherical shape, and if there are burrs or spikes, they should be promptly repaired to ensure that the hammering force passes through the center line of the chisel. - Rolling knife
The file cutter is made of high carbon steel T13 or T12, with a hardness of HRC62-67 after quenching.
(1) The file cutter must be equipped with a handle before use, otherwise the tail tip of the file cutter may injure hands, wrists, or other parts of the body.
(2) Generally, grip the handle tightly with your right hand and hold or support the front end of the file with your left hand. Use both hands to apply even force and push the file forward; When using a file cutter with a relatively small cross-section, do not apply too much force to avoid breaking the file cutter; The cutting speed should not be too fast, usually between 20 to 60 times per minute.
(3) The scraper and handle should be protected from grease contamination, and the surface of the workpiece being processed should not be contaminated with grease to prevent the scraper from slipping and causing accidents.
(4) Do not blow the chips with your mouth during milling to prevent them from flying into your eyes; Do not use your hands to remove chips to prevent them from puncturing your fingers and palms. Instead, use a brush to clean and remove them.
(5) After use, the filing knife should be placed properly and should not be stacked to avoid damaging the teeth; When placed on the workbench, do not expose the surface to prevent it from falling and injuring your feet.
(6) It is strictly prohibited to use the file cutter as other tools, and it cannot be used as a flat shovel or pry bar to prevent it from breaking and injuring people. - Hand saw
(1) The saw blade should be selected correctly based on the hardness and thickness of the processed material; The tightness of the saw blade installation should be moderate and adjusted at any time according to hand sensing.
(2) The workpiece being sawed should be clamped tightly, and there should be no displacement or vibration during sawing; The sawing line should be close to the workpiece support point.
(3) When sawing, the saw bow should be straightened to prevent tilting. The sawing should be smooth and the angle should not exceed 15 °. If the angle is too large, the saw teeth may be caught by the workpiece.
(4) When sawing, push the saw forward and apply appropriate force to both hands; When pulling back the saw, lift the hand saw slightly and do not apply pressure. The amount of force applied should be determined based on the hardness of the workpiece being cut. For harder workpieces, the force applied should be greater, while for harder workpieces, the force applied should be smaller.
(5) When installing or replacing a new saw blade, it is necessary to ensure that the tooth tip direction of the saw blade is facing forward; After replacing the new bar during sawing, the sawing should be turned around and it is not advisable to continue sawing along the original sawing edge; When the workpiece is about to be sawed off, hold it with your hands to prevent it from falling and injuring your feet. - Cutting knife
(1) Do not push the workpiece being cut too close to the cutting axis, as this can cause the workpiece to slide outward when subjected to cutting force due to the large opening of the cutting port, leading to injury accidents; When the blade angle is 14 °, it is most conducive to cutting, labor-saving and anti slip.
(2) When cutting, do not touch the edge of the workpiece that has just been cut with your hands to avoid being injured by sharp burrs. When handling or holding workpieces, operators must wear protective gloves made of canvas or leather.
(3) When using a cutting knife to trim the corners or cracks of metal sheets, to prevent debris from flying out and injuring the eyes, the operator must wear goggles.
(4) When cutting, the workpiece should be clamped firmly to prevent it from rotating and injuring people under force; Do not use a pipe on the cutting handle to extend the cutting handle. - Scraper blade
(1) The scraper should be equipped with a sturdy and smooth handle. Because there is a lot of force applied during scraping, if the handle falls off or breaks, it can cause injury to people; Especially when using the scraping method, the tail of the scraper should be equipped with a smooth handle with a large contact surface to prevent injury to the operator’s abdomen or other parts of the body.
(2) When the scraper is not in use, it should be placed in a location that is not easily dropped to prevent injury or damage to the scraper when it falls; Do not put the scraper in the same tool bag as other hand tools, it should be stored separately and properly.
(3) The scraped workpiece must be stable and secure, with a height suitable for personnel operation. During scraping, the scraped workpiece must not move or slide. - Axe and adze
(1) It is important to keep the edges of axes and adzes sharp regularly, as this can help them penetrate wood. Axes and adzes with blunt edges can slip over the surface of wood and injure people’s legs or feet during use.
(2) When chopping flat, the wood should be stuck on the workbench, with the cutting face facing upwards, and both hands should tightly grip the axe handle; When chopping upright, hold the wood with one hand and straighten it, while gripping the handle tightly with the other hand. When starting to lower the axe, use light force, grasp the direction and magnitude of the force, and gradually apply more force to cut.
(3) When chopping, it is necessary to pay attention to the movement arc of the axe and adze. Within the range of this movement arc, there should be no obstacles such as steel wires, iron wires, vines, branches, etc., to prevent hooking the axe and adze and causing injury accidents if they slip out of the hand. When using the adze, be careful and cautious to ensure a stable cut.
(4) When chopping on the ground, operators must wear safety shoes; Wooden blocks should be placed underneath the chopped wood; When breaking round wood, the wood should be placed on a horse frame or pillow groove to secure the wood and prevent it from rolling and injuring the feet and legs of the worker.
(5) Always pay attention to whether the connection between the axe and the handle is firm to prevent the axe from flying out and injuring people; When cutting, if you encounter a scar, do not cut it hard. Instead, cut from the center of the scar to both sides. - Saw
(1) Before using the frame saw, adjust the angle of the saw blade with the knob, usually at a 45 ° angle to the plane of the wooden frame. Use a hinge to tighten the tension rope to make the saw blade straight and tight; When sawing, hold the saw handle tightly with your right hand and press the starting position with your left hand. Gently push and pull a few times without applying too much force; When sawing, do not twist left or right. When feeding the saw, be heavy, and when lifting the saw, be light. The rhythm of pushing and pulling should be even; When cutting quickly, the part to be sawed off should be held firmly by hand. After use, loosen the saw blade and hang it in a secure position.
(2) When using a horizontal saw, the force of both hands should be balanced to prevent running the saw towards the side with greater force; When correcting the deviation, it should be corrected slowly to prevent the saw blade from getting stuck or breaking.
(3) When using a wire saw, do not apply too much force and do not pull the saw too fast to avoid breaking the wire. When sawing, the operator’s head must not be located at the upper end of the bow frame to avoid facial injuries caused by wire breakage.
(4) The sharpness of the saw blade and the firmness of the saw frame and handle should be checked at all times; The saw blade with dull teeth and uneven slope should be repaired in a timely manner, and any damage to the rope, nut, knob, handle, and wooden frame should also be repaired and restored before it can be used again. - Chisel
(1) Before chiseling, the wood should be placed on a workbench. When chiseling, hold the chisel handle tightly with one hand and do not swing the chisel left and right to prevent the hammer from slipping and injuring your hands.
(2) The chisel handle should be made of hard sandalwood, beech wood, and oak wood. To prevent the handle end from fuzzing or cracking when hit, a protective iron hoop should be installed at the point where the handle end is hit.
(3) When chiseling, attention should be paid to the firmness of the hammer handle and chisel handle at all times to prevent the hammer head from flying off and injuring people; Do not use wooden chisels as pry tools; When the chisel is not in use, it should be properly stored and not placed in areas that are prone to falling. - Screwdriver
(1) The appropriate screwdriver should be selected based on the groove width and shape of the screw head that is tightened or loosened; Do not use a smaller screwdriver to turn larger screws; A cross screwdriver is used to tighten or loosen screws with a cross groove on the head; Bend screwdriver is used for screw heads with limited space.
(2) When the blade of a screwdriver is damaged or dull, it should be polished at any time. When grinding with a grinding wheel, it should be cooled with water. Screwdrivers that cannot be repaired should be scrapped if the blade is severely damaged, deformed, or the handle is cracked or damaged.
(3) Do not use a screwdriver to tighten or loosen screws on the workpiece held in your hand. Instead, clamp the workpiece in the fixture to prevent injury.
(4) Do not use the method of hammering the end of the screwdriver handle to pry open gaps or remove metal burrs and other objects. - Hand pliers
Do not use pliers as wrenches. When cutting short ends of wires, to prevent flying short ends from injuring people, the short ends should face underground and the operator should wear goggles. - Hammer
When using a hand hammer, it is important to ensure that the connection between the hammer head and handle is secure. If there is any looseness, it should be immediately wedged or replaced with a new handle. The length of the handle of a hammer must be moderate, and the appropriate length is to hold the hammer head with the forearm equal to the length of the hand hammer; When a smaller impact force is required, the hand swing method can be used, and when a stronger impact force is needed, the arm swing method should be used; When using the arm swing method, attention should be paid to the movement arc of the hammer head, and the handle of the hand hammer should not be contaminated with grease.
Safety regulations for the use of hardware tools
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